Dante’s Inferno: Contrapasso Essay

Contrapasso means stupefy the opposite. It refers to the penalty of souls in Dantes nether region by a process either resembling or contrasting with the repulsiveness itself. in that location be some(prenominal) examples of contrapasso in Dantes Inferno, as he travels ever deeper into the depths of hell. In the Inferno, we argon given a tour by dint of vicefulness by Dante, who is a middle-aged man. The Inferno is a fib of a excursion given by two different Dantes Dante the pilgrim and Dante the author. He has a natural emotion of pity, which he is often reprimanded for. At the informant of his journey, he is confronted by trio animals.These animals represent the three call ins of Hell. The front one is the she-wolf, representing incontinence, the second is the lion, representing violence, and the third is the leopard, representing fraud and prank. According to Dante, fraud and deception argon the worst sins, followed by violence, then incontinence. Virgil is Dantes guide throughout this treacherous journey. Dante uses the concept of contrapasso to express his own views on ethics of motley sins, reflecting on the cultural and political state of Italy at the time. Before Dante and Virgil repose Hell proper, they find the opportunists in the vestibule.They argon run lowning around wildly chasing a banner, mend nude macrocosm stung by hornets and wasps. When the crack came between match and God, they tried to stay neutral, and at one time they must suffer their penalization. Here, the banner symbolizes a petabyteer, serving as a direct punishment for their indecisive nature. They come across limbo near, where the virtuous pagans atomic number 18. These be the souls of ripe non-Christians, who are stuck in limbo because they were never baptized and never went to church to study Jesus. This is where Virgil and the poets reside.Limbo is not a bad place to be, and their only when punishment is that they will never get to forgather th e face of God. This is a fitting punishment because turn alive they never knew of God, and right off they are forbidden from him. They encounter the least offensive sinners in the first ring of Hell, represented by the she-wolf. Once inside the gates of Hell, Dante encounters the Carnal (or lustful). The souls who are in this first region of Hell are so because they let their lusts control them in life. The punishment of the Carnal is that they are trapped in a whirlwind, blizzard storm.They see the object of their lust, exactly they stinkpotnot have shake in Hell. They are doomed to chase their love around in the whirlwind, and they cannot satisfy their needs in any way. Contrapasso is take into account here because while living they could not control their urges and always satisfied their needs, that now in Hell they are not allowed to. In circle three of Hell, we find the gluttons. Ciacco is a representative of the gluttons whom Dante knows personally. Ciacco means hog in Italian. Because gluttony is a sin of incontinence, their punishment is wallowing around in a drizzly mound of garbage.The gluttons are in a storm of putrefaction. Gluttony was considered a major sin back in Dantes day. Also in this circle are the hoarders and wasters. They contribute to each others punishment as they are in a constant rock war. Hoarders and wasters are two extremes. This is contrapasso because the hoarders are forever and a day trying to take the rock, while the wasters are trying to get rid of it. Next, they come across the wrathful and sullen. They are stuck in the Marsh of Styx. The sullen were drawn within themselves and tried not to associate with others in life, they took a sour disposition towards life.Their punishment is appropriate because they are stuck at the bottom of the marsh, beneath the slimy surface. Moving on through Hell, Dante and Virgil come across the heretics. This is a sort of a transitional stage between the sins of incontinence and vi olence. A heretic is anyone who doesnt tie up to strict Catholic doctrine. Heretics committed some of the worst crimes, according to Dante. Their punishment was to spend eternity in a grave on fire. Contrapasso is in effect here because heretics thought that the soul dies with the body, and since they believe their souls died, they are entombed. few of them even have to share tombs with mess they hated. The second category of sinners is the cerise. There are three types of violence violence against neighbors, violence against self, and violence against God. The crazy against neighbors are stuck in the river Phlegethon. This is a river of boiling blood, and if the sinners try to escape, centaurs shoot them with arrows. This is contrapasso because these violent souls left their victims in a pool of blood when they murdered them, and now they are stuck in a pool of blood. Violence against self is the next form of violent sin.Those who committed suicide became trees. Since they reje cted Gods gift of body, they are forced to stand still and see the world life they rejected. This is their contrapasso, also whenever a limb from the tree falls off, they line up it. The final form of violence is that against God. These blasphemers, who curse God, are punished in circle seven, round 3. They are forced to lie in a field of burning sand and a fire rain constantly falls down on them. This is ironic because it is the first time while Dante is in Hell that we actually see fire. Circle eight of Hell begins the worst sins, those of fraud and treachery.These sins are the worst because it breaks the trust of the individual. The usurers are lend sharks. They do not further mankind, they just want money. According to The divine Bible, it is unnatural to charge usury. Their punishment is to carry a pouch with lead weights around their necks. They constantly have to fight off fire and custody from lashing devils with their hands. This is their contrapasso because they used to use their greedy hands to abuse people by taking their money. The panderers and seducers are punished by having to constantly run from one side to another, and demons are there whipping them.The second section contains the flatterers. Because they lied and figuratively slung excrement from their mouths, they are punished by wallowing in excrement, which they flatter. This is a perfect example of contrapasso. The fortune tellers and diviners presumed to have the power to see Gods future, but most of them are just tricksters. Their contrapasso is that their doubts are twisted completely around, and they can no longer see whats ahead of them. Dante sees weeping shades slowly marching in wiz file, each one covered from head to foot with a roaring cloak lined with lead.It is appropriate because on the outside the cloaks look beautiful, but on the inside they are horrible, like the hypocrites, and they are weighed down by their guilt. Contrapasso for thieves is depicted as serpents chasing nude sinners, and when the snake bites them, they burst into blames and disintegrate. Sometimes they conk out the serpent, and the serpent becomes them. This sets out to show that thieves cant even require their own bodies. Also, the snakes represent trickery, and the serpents steal the thieves bodies, just as they stole.Bertrand de Born was nefarious of separating father and son (King Henry II and son), which caused war. His contrapasso is walking around with his head separated from his body, carrying it like a lantern. It is also symbolic of the father being the head of the family, and his body is separated from it because he separated them. In the 9th circle of Hell, Cocytus, Dante encounters the absolute worst sinners, including heller. These sinners are frozen with the memory of their sins, and they cannot move. These evilest of sinners are in a sea of ice. Sins of betrayal are in the ninth circle.They were cold hearted and fake in life with no warmth of heart. A unique encounter Dante has is with Count Ugolino and Archbishop Ruggiere. In life, they made a deal, but it went awry. Now, the count feeds on the head of the archbishop. Since the archbishop imprisoned him and sons, they starved to death, thus his contrapasso is that Ruggiere is Ugolinos last meal for all of eternity. At the end of the journey, Dante encounters Satan. He is big than the giants with three heads. Each head is chewing on the worst sinners in history up to that point Judas, Brutus, and Cassius.They represent hate, impotence, and ignorance to contrast the three highest virtues of Heaven. Satan is at the center of the universe. His main punishment is that he is frozen and cant do anything. This is the ultimate contrapasso. Dante highlights that Satan himself is an example of contrapasso as Satans sin of seeking Gods place as ruler of Heaven resulting in him forever ruling over the damned. Here, the sin reflects the punishment as Satan aims to raise himself higher and as a result is cast down into the depths of the Inferno. Dante takes us on an intriguing and eye-opening journey throughout his Hell.He uses contrapasso as a way to show the many different sins and how he thinks they should be punished. Dante also places real people in his Inferno to point out the cultural and political state of Italy at that time. While he does this, he is pretty fair and impartial to the highest degree who belongs in which area of Hell. Near the end of his journey, Dante finally realizes that the sinners got what they deserved, and he no longer pities them. By having Satan frozen in ice, Dante is portraying the meaning Satan cannot do anything, unless you let him because he is not that powerful.