Mao Study Guide

monoamine oxidases Rise To ability I. monoamine oxidase maiden got into radical issues in his homeprovinceofHunan, because in that location were large spheres of works there II. In 1920, monoamine oxidase stumbled upon Professor Chen Tu-hsiu, chinas foremost Marxist. He gave Mao a position selling party belles-lettres in a bookshop III. Mao rose in precondition to provincial party leader soon by and byward IV. In 1923, the flag-waving(a) Party sought assistance and money from another source, so they coupled the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The CCP was being given money from the Soviets V. curtly after the Nationalist Party leaders (Sun Yat-sen) death, Chiang Kai-shek took leadership of the Nationalists and dislocated themselves from the CCP because they didnt wantmain grunge Chinato turn into a Soviet planet state VI. Chiang began killing off the CCP. Mao and the CCP went on a commodious demo, or retreat using guerilla tactics, to Yanan to flee from the Nationalists. T hey set up their base there because it was in the north, closer to theSoviet Union, where they could get help VII. Chiang was very violent and killed many a(prenominal) of his political opponents in the cities.This was more manifest to the race than Maos violence in the countryside VIII. Most pile knew that Chiangs regime was corrupt, inefficient, and could not deal with inflation and famine IX. The Marco Polo tide over Incident led to the full-scale invasion of the Japanese in 1937. This would perish until the end of WWII in 1945. During this time a. A truce was called amid the Nationalists and CCP b. The Nationalists did the brunt of the contend against the Japanese c. The Nationalists and CCP were given weapons from theU. S. to fight the Japanese d.The red- boldnessd Army was make up and members of the CCP were built up by the mass variant i. learn communists were sent in groups into the communities, where they said they had come to listen to the desires and ideas of the people ii. On their return, the party would then learn what measures would appeal and adapt to their own policies which would be presented to the people e. To brainwash newcomers, Mao did the Yenan Terror during WWII i.Used a Chinese KGB ii. Held denunciation rallies (you were forced to stand in front of peers and admit crime (things that you did against the Communist ideology) even though you didnt do them) iii. Singing, dancing, and humor were stop iv. All types of torture were utilise 1. Whipping 2. Hanging 3. Sleep passing v. No press vi.Thought examination (you were forced to write big money thoughts against the Communist ideology and accuse others of the same) f. After the Yenan Terror, Mao had gotten rid of bounteous opponents to claim himself supreme leader of the CCP X. After WWII, the Nationalists didnt have sufficient manpower becauseChinawas so large in territory a. Manchuria(rich in mineral and coal deposits) was turned over from the Soviets to the CCP b. CCP took over many areas that the Japanese formerly held XI. The Marshall Mission led to a cease-fire surrounded by the Nationalists and CCP, so the Nationalists demilitarized over a million troop a.Many troops did not have strong ties to the Nationalists (because they were former warlord troops) b. They were not helped to integrate into society, so they joined the CCP c. These troops located former Japanese weapons depots and showed the CCP how to work the weapons XII. The civilized war started up again in 1946 and by October 1949, Mao announced the Peoples Republic ofChina Rise/Consolidation of Power I. Eliminated political parties and churches II. Land was seized from consumelords and many were executed III. Sanfan, Wufan, and Sufan campaigns were purges against ntelligentsia and CCP IV. Hundred Flowers Campaign was stealthy way to seek turn out political opponents by allowing them temporarily to let out out. The Anti-Rightist Campaign got rid of anyone who had spoken out aga inst Mao V. Cultural gyration called for students (called Red Guards) to safeguard Mao by getting rid of art, teachers, members of the CCP, or anything counter to the revolution VI. Laogoi were forced labor camps VII. A compilation of Maos essays were put together in the Little Red criminal record and taught in all schools VIII. Rectification movements served to eliminate intellectuals who Mao thought were grievous by sending them to the countryside or killing them IX. Used speeches, airplane propelleraganda posters, media, poets, film, etc. to prop up Maos cult of personality Previous Conditions I. Chinawas dominated by spheres of influence places of foreign domination where the Chinese were looked upon as inferiors II. The country was not unified and had many provinces run by warlords, who were people not subservient to the government III.Previous governments were unstable and corrupt the Manchu Dynasty had tardily fallen 1911, Yuan Shikai (a military general) ran the coun try for the next four years 1912-1916, the warlord era was a period of chaos and great disunity 1916-1925 IV. There were many economic problems a. Widespread poverty b. Heavy taxes c. Large disparity between rich and poor d. Backward fabrication e. Few owned land V. Chiang was totalitarian and used violence to suppress political opponents his government was besides corrupt and took money from the peasants Successes I.Built up a following with charm and manipulation, allowing him to rise up in the CCP II. Escaped the Nationalist soldiers and set up base in the north during the Long March III. Built up the CCP army and following during WWII done the mass line IV. Used the Yenan Terror to instill the ideology, brainwash and instill fear in his followers. All were loyal to Mao after the terror V. Yenan Terror was as well used to brainwash people into thinking that Chiang was the enemy so that Mao would garner more support VI. Used the end of WWII to grab former Japanese occupie d territory inChina VII.Acquired and successfully used demilitarized, former Nationalist troops in the Civil War after the Marshall Mission VIII. Won the Chinese Civil War because of the change Nationalist army and became dictator of the Peoples Republic ofChina IX. Ousted all political parties so that his CCP was the only one X. Churches were closed Christianity, Buddhism, and Confucianism were denounced this allowed little potential sources of opposition XI. Marriage Law gave more rights to women, much(prenominal) as the right to own property, no more foot binding, and consensual sum XII.Health reforms were made to take the nation off its opium addiction, such as harsher penalties, rehabilitation, and education campaigns XIII. Under the Agrarian Reform Law, peasants were given land from rich landlords XIV. Ousted foreigners, so he got rid of all possible spheres of influence and any semblance of outside control XV. Hundred Flowers Campaign revealed those who argue the regime , enabling Mao to get rid of them later on by means of the Anti-Rightist Campaign XVI. Mao regained power (after his Great parachute Forward failure) through the Cultural Revolution, a purge of teachers, art, and party officials XVII.Used the Little Red Book, speeches, posters, badges, etc. to successfully build up his cult of personality. His face was everywhere Failures I. Didnt have the amphibious forces to pursue the Nationalists in chinaware II. First Five Year Plan built up industry, scarce failed to reach the target goals and lagged behind the industry of large industrial countries III. Mao also precious to raise output in factories, so general sense and rules went to the wayside in the name of speed. Accidents frequently caused tens of thousands of deaths IV.Anything that peasants could melt low into steel was put in backyard furnaces. Much of the steel was unusable for industry V. Forests were stripped of trees to be used as fuel, so deforestation was far-flung VI. Mao ordered huge drives to build irrigation systems using poor equipment. rough of these projects are still unstable today VII. In the Great Leap Forward, collectivization failed, as food was forcefully taken from the peasants because Mao wanted to export the food for industry/weapons (he wanted to be a superpower). 38 million died of famine and disease.Agriculture continued to lag. Mao temporarily feral from power VIII. Sanfan, Wufan, Sufan, Anti-Rightist, and Cultural Revolution terror campaigns were against intellectuals (as well as others), save this got rid of most of the educated people in the country who couldve helped the deliverance grow IX. One of the Cultural Revolutions objectives was to wipe out anything cultural, so a generation of culture was wiped out X. The people liable for carrying out the Cultural Revolution were students, so schools were closed during this time. Education was stop completely during this period